* Locale API: WP_Locale_Switcher class
* Core class used for switching locales.
#[AllowDynamicProperties]
class WP_Locale_Switcher {
* Locale switching stack.
private $stack = array();
private $original_locale;
* Holds all available languages.
* @var string[] An array of language codes (file names without the .mo extension).
private $available_languages;
* Stores the original locale as well as a list of all available languages.
public function __construct() {
$this->original_locale = determine_locale();
$this->available_languages = array_merge( array( 'en_US' ), get_available_languages() );
* Initializes the locale switcher.
* Hooks into the {@see 'locale'} and {@see 'determine_locale'} filters
* to change the locale on the fly.
add_filter( 'locale', array( $this, 'filter_locale' ) );
add_filter( 'determine_locale', array( $this, 'filter_locale' ) );
* Switches the translations according to the given locale.
* @param string $locale The locale to switch to.
* @param int|false $user_id Optional. User ID as context. Default false.
* @return bool True on success, false on failure.
public function switch_to_locale( $locale, $user_id = false ) {
$current_locale = determine_locale();
if ( $current_locale === $locale ) {
if ( ! in_array( $locale, $this->available_languages, true ) ) {
$this->stack[] = array( $locale, $user_id );
$this->change_locale( $locale );
* Fires when the locale is switched.
* @since 6.2.0 The `$user_id` parameter was added.
* @param string $locale The new locale.
* @param false|int $user_id User ID for context if available.
do_action( 'switch_locale', $locale, $user_id );
* Switches the translations according to the given user's locale.
* @param int $user_id User ID.
* @return bool True on success, false on failure.
public function switch_to_user_locale( $user_id ) {
$locale = get_user_locale( $user_id );
return $this->switch_to_locale( $locale, $user_id );
* Restores the translations according to the previous locale.
* @return string|false Locale on success, false on failure.
public function restore_previous_locale() {
$previous_locale = array_pop( $this->stack );
if ( null === $previous_locale ) {
// The stack is empty, bail.
$entry = end( $this->stack );
$locale = is_array( $entry ) ? $entry[0] : false;
// There's nothing left in the stack: go back to the original locale.
$locale = $this->original_locale;
$this->change_locale( $locale );
* Fires when the locale is restored to the previous one.
* @param string $locale The new locale.
* @param string $previous_locale The previous locale.
do_action( 'restore_previous_locale', $locale, $previous_locale[0] );
* Restores the translations according to the original locale.
* @return string|false Locale on success, false on failure.
public function restore_current_locale() {
if ( empty( $this->stack ) ) {
$this->stack = array( array( $this->original_locale, false ) );
return $this->restore_previous_locale();
* Whether switch_to_locale() is in effect.
* @return bool True if the locale has been switched, false otherwise.
public function is_switched() {
return ! empty( $this->stack );
* Returns the locale currently switched to.
* @return string|false Locale if the locale has been switched, false otherwise.
public function get_switched_locale() {
$entry = end( $this->stack );
* Returns the user ID related to the currently switched locale.
* @return int|false User ID if set and if the locale has been switched, false otherwise.
public function get_switched_user_id() {
$entry = end( $this->stack );
* Filters the locale of the WordPress installation.
* @param string $locale The locale of the WordPress installation.
* @return string The locale currently being switched to.
public function filter_locale( $locale ) {
$switched_locale = $this->get_switched_locale();
if ( $switched_locale ) {
* Load translations for a given locale.
* When switching to a locale, translations for this locale must be loaded from scratch.
* @global Mo[] $l10n An array of all currently loaded text domains.
* @param string $locale The locale to load translations for.
private function load_translations( $locale ) {
$domains = $l10n ? array_keys( $l10n ) : array();
load_default_textdomain( $locale );
foreach ( $domains as $domain ) {
// The default text domain is handled by `load_default_textdomain()`.
if ( 'default' === $domain ) {
* Unload current text domain but allow them to be reloaded
* after switching back or to another locale.
unload_textdomain( $domain, true );
get_translations_for_domain( $domain );
* Changes the site's locale to the given one.
* Loads the translations, changes the global `$wp_locale` object and updates
* @global WP_Locale $wp_locale WordPress date and time locale object.
* @global PHPMailer\PHPMailer\PHPMailer $phpmailer
* @param string $locale The locale to change to.
private function change_locale( $locale ) {
global $wp_locale, $phpmailer;
$this->load_translations( $locale );
$wp_locale = new WP_Locale();
WP_Translation_Controller::get_instance()->set_locale( $locale );
if ( $phpmailer instanceof WP_PHPMailer ) {
$phpmailer->SetLanguage();
* Fires when the locale is switched to or restored.
* @param string $locale The new locale.
do_action( 'change_locale', $locale );